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Wind turbine generators create electric power from the mechanical energy inherent in wind. Wind is the movement of air that is caused by differences in pressure within a system. These differences are created by the sunlight striking the earth’s atmosphere, and eventually finding its way to the surface. While traveling through the atmosphere, the sun’s radiation is absorbed into the surrounding air, leaving varying levels of energy left when the sunlight reaches the surface of the earth.
The material composition then absorbs or reflects portions of the sunlight, which increases the differences in energy levels. These energy level differences correspond to pressure differences, which create the imbalance that precedes wind. The pressure differences attempt to even out, which creates the movement of air. The moving air can be used to turn the blades of a propeller, which can be attached via a crank shaft and/or gearbox to wind turbine generators.These wind turbine generators spin, and act on the basic principle of electrical conversion that all generators utilize. The generator in its simplest form is a magnet surrounded by a wire wrapping. The magnet is spun within the wires, which creates a movement of electrons. This movement can be harnessed and amplified, creating electricity. The majority of humanity’s electricity is produced in a turbine generator; the main difference is what we use to propel the magnet. Nuclear and coal plants boil water to create steam pressure and turn their generators. Hydroelectric plants use the stored energy of a reservoir at elevation to turn their generators, and wind turbines use the air to spin their generators. The only true exception is solar power, which skips the generator entirely. However thermal solar generators have been tried; and they do work if done on a sufficiently large scale.
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